Martin earned his Ph . D . in Physics in 1941, under Robley D . Evans leading to a thesis entitled : " A Study of Nuclear Radiations by Means of a Magnetic Lens Beta Ray Spectrometer ."
2.
The CEM spectrum can be obtained either by collecting essentially all the electrons leaving the surface ( integral technique ), or by selecting the ones in a given energy range by means of a beta ray spectrometer ( differential or depth selective CEMS ).